Abstract

This study examines the application of the principle of inclusive justice in criminal law enforcement in Indonesia, grounded in human rights values. In the context of a national legal system still dominated by a retributive approach, inclusive justice offers a new, more humane and participatory paradigm. This approach emphasizes the importance of protecting vulnerable groups and encourages the use of restorative mechanisms such as diversion and termination of prosecution based on restorative justice. Using normative legal research methods with conceptual and analytical approaches, this study demonstrates that integrating human rights values into criminal law can strengthen legal legitimacy, increase the efficiency of the justice system, and foster social reconciliation. This study recommends transforming legal culture and increasing the capacity of law enforcement officials as strategic steps towards a more just and civilized legal system.

References

Agustina, Vinda, H. S. Tisnanta, and Muhtadi Muhtadi. “Restorative Justice as an Effort to Fulfill the Constitutional Rights of Citizens.” Jurnal Konstitusi 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 244–57. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk2125.

Fauziah Lubis. “Implementation Of Restorative Justice, The Intent Of Punishment, And Legal Clarity In Indonesia.” Russian Law Journal 11, no. 3 (April 7, 2023). https://doi.org/10.52783/rlj.v11i3.1275.

Firdaus, Muhammad, Chryshnanda Dwilaksana, and Muhammad Daffa Auliarizky Onielda. “Shifting Polri’s Law Enforcement Strategy: Restorative Justice for Public Trust.” Legal Media Journal 30, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 153–70. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmh.v30i2.18628.

Flora, Henny Saida. “Restorative Justice as an Alternative in Resolving Criminal Acts and Its Impact on the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia.” University Of Bengkulu Law Journal 3, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 142–58. https://doi.org/10.33369/ubelaj.3.2.142-158.

Ismail, Dian Ekawaty, Yusna Arsyad, Ahmad Ahmad, Novendri M. Nggilu, and Yassine Chami. “Collocation of Restorative Justice with Human Rights in Indonesia.” Legality: Scientific Journal of Law 32, no. 2 (September 20, 2024): 394–417. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v32i2.35374.

Maemanah. “State Responsibility in Legal Aid for the Poor: Ensuring Access to Justice and Equality in Indonesia.” The Juris 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2024): 695–704. https://doi.org/10.56301/juris.v8i2.1499.

Pedju, Rizaldy Purnomo, Adamu Abubakar Muhammad, Putri Ajeng Burhan, and Andi Dzulqarnain. “Progressive Law Perspective: Analysis of Restorative Justice in National Criminal Code.” Amsir Law Journal 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2025): 68–83. https://doi.org/10.36746/alj.v6i2.634.

Prasetyo, Dwi, and Ratna Herawati. “Review of the Criminal Justice System in the Context of Law Enforcement and Protection of Human Rights of Suspects in Indonesia.” Journal of Indonesian Legal Development 4, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 402–17. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v4i3.402-417.

Raharja, Satria Dwie, and Ade Saptomo. “Reconstruction Discourse Justice Criminal Law as an Ideal Model for Implementing Restorative Justice.” Journal of Indonesian Impressions 3, no. 12 (December 20, 2024): 924–32. https://doi.org/10.58344/jii.v3i12.5732.

Ramadhan, Azhary, Kamarusdiana Kamarusdiana, and Soefyanto Soefyanto. “Settlement of Juvenile Crime Cases Through Diversion from the Perspective of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System.” Journal Of Legal Research 3, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 129–44. https://doi.org/10.15408/jlr.v3i1.19581.

Sabila, Yumna, Kamaruzaman Bustamam, and Badri Badri. “Theoretical Basis of Human Rights and Human Rights Violations.” Justisia Journal: Journal of Law, Legislation and Social Institutions 3, no. 2 (December 26, 2019): 205. https://doi.org/10.22373/justisia.v3i2.5929.

Scholl, Mark B., and Christopher B. Townsend. “Restorative Justice: A Humanistic Paradigm for Addressing the Needs of Victims, Offenders, and Communities.” The Journal of Humanistic Counseling 63, no. 3 (October 4, 2024): 184–200. https://doi.org/10.1002/johc.12204.

Tri Wibowo, Kurniawan, and . Sunarko. “Challenges And Obstacles To The Application Of Restorative Justice On The Criminal Justice System In Indonesia.” International Journal of Law Policy and Governance 2, no. 1 (June 21, 2023): 32–40. https://doi.org/10.54099/ijlpg.v2i1.203.

Utami, Rahayu Sri. “Restorative Justice: A Comprehensive Shift Towards Victim-Perpetrator Reconciliation and Community Healing.” Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review 18, no. 3 (August 25, 2023). https://doi.org/10.21070/ijler.v18i3.959.

Wibowo, Ribut Hari. “Restorative Justice Approach in Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice.” Progressive Law Journal 9, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 146–57. https://doi.org/10.14710/jhp.9.2.146-157.